• aneurysm
• arteriovenous malformation
• artery
• economics
• political

This issue of the Journal of Neurointerventional Surgery (JNIS) delivers manuscripts on a wide-range of subjects relevant to contemporary endovascular practice. Topics include: managing vertebro-basilar ischemic disease, reducing treatment times in emergency large vessel occlusion (ELVO) patients, expanding embolization modalities for arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), treating complex aneurysms through existing and novel technology, embolizing tumors as stand-alone treatment and in preparation for surgery, and exploring socioeconomic issues that impact the neurointerventionalist. These articles reflect the JNIS commitment to providing our readers a perspective on the depth of our field.

Posterior circulation atherosclerotic disease represents a significant etiology of ischemic strokes and is characterized by unique hemodynamic features and treatment requirements.1 In their commentary, Amin-Hanjani and co-authors discuss the utility of phase contrast quantitative magnetic resonance angiography as a means of identifying patients at greatest risk of posterior circulation stroke.2 Citing a number of trials that reported relatively high complication rates after angioplasty and stenting in this cohort, the authors argue that such patients are perhaps best treated with sub-maximal angioplasty alone. The “non-linear relationship between flow and vessel stenosis” constitutes …