Objective: The purpose of our experimental study was to determine the effectiveness of filling the cavity of in vitro aneurysms with detachable platinum coils and the combination of detachable platinum coils and liquid embolic agent.
Materials and methods: Silicone aneurysm models were connected to a circulatory system to simulate arterial flow. A microcatheter was used to introduce detachable coils into the aneurysm cavities. First, platinum coils were introduced until the point of minimal dense packing, indicated by aneurysmal circulatory exclusion. Packing was continued up to maximal dense packing, indicated by protrusion of the coil into the parent artery. Volumetric ratios (coil volume-aneurysm volume) were calculated for minimal and maximal dense packing. Then, after purposeful undercoiling of aneurysm models, a micropump system was used to fill the aneurysm by stepwise injection of tricellulose acetate polymer through the coil mesh until angiographic aneurysm exclusion was completed. The volumetric ratios of maximal packing with coils and tricellulose acetate polymer in relation to the aneurysm volume were calculated.
Results: Maximal dense packing ratios with coils (mean, 32.5%; standard deviation [SD], 3%) were slightly higher than those with the minimal dense packing (mean, 28. 2%; SD, 3%) but were always less than 37%. The ratios of packing with the combined use of coils and tricellulose acetate polymer were greater than 100% (mean, 124.4%; SD, 15%).
Conclusion: Knowledge of the volumetric ratio of maximal dense packing was useful for effective filling with coils and tricellulose acetate polymer. The combined use of coils and liquid polymer appeared more effective than the use of coils alone for the complete occlusion of the aneurysm lumen.