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  • Clinical improvement within 24 hours from mechanical thrombectomy as a predictor of long-term functional outcome in a multicenter population-based cohort of patients with ischemic stroke

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Ischemic Stroke
Original research
Clinical improvement within 24 hours from mechanical thrombectomy as a predictor of long-term functional outcome in a multicenter population-based cohort of patients with ischemic stroke
  1. Salvatore Rudilosso1,
  2. Carlos Laredo1,
  3. Sergio Amaro1,
  4. Arturo Renú1,
  5. Laura Llull1,
  6. Víctor Obach1,
  7. Javier Moreno2,
  8. Marc Ribó3,
  9. Sònia Abilleira4,
  10. Pedro Cardona5,
  11. Joan Martí-Fàbregas6,
  12. Natalia Pérez de la Ossa7,
  13. Anna Ramos7,
  14. Jaume Roquer8,
  15. Joaquín Serena9,
  16. Francisco Purroy10,
  17. Xabier Urra1,
  18. Ángel Chamorro1
  1. 1 Comprehensive Stroke Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
  2. 2 Department of Radiology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
  3. 3 Stroke Unit. Neurology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
  4. 4 Health Department of Catalonia, Stroke Programme, Agency for Health Quality and Assessment of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
  5. 5 Department of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
  6. 6 Department of Neurology, Hospital de Sant Pau I Santa Creu, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
  7. 7 Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
  8. 8 Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
  9. 9 Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari de Girona Doctor Josep Trueta, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
  10. 10 Department of Neurology, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
  1. Correspondence to Dr Xabier Urra, Comprehensive Stroke Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; xurra{at}clinic.cat

Abstract

Background Single-center studies have suggested that the early clinical course after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients with ischemic stroke is a clinical predictor of long-term outcome.

Objective To analyze the prognostic value of clinical improvement within 24 hours in a population-based multicenter cohort.

Methods From a total of 3792 patients with acute ischemic stroke in Catalonia (CICAT registry), 1951 patients were treated with MT. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score within 24 hours, and follow-up was available in 1666 patients. Percentage variation in the NIHSS score was calculated in relation to a baseline assessment. Good outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score ≤2 at 90 days. Predictive values of clinical improvement and adjusted OR to predict good outcomes were assessed in the whole cohort and the subgroup of patients with posterior circulation stroke (n=166).

Results Good outcome was achieved in 656/1666 patients (39%) overall. Percentage improvements both at the end of MT and at 24 hours predicted good outcome, with higher predictive capacity at 24 hours (C-statistic, 0.85 vs 0.73, p<0.001). Positive and negative predictive values were 70% and 74% for the >30% cut-off point at the end of MT, and 69% and 84% for the >50% cut-off point at 24 hours, respectively. The adjusted OR for good outcome was 5.8 (95% CI 4.2 to 8.1) and 12.9 (95% CI 9.7 to 17.1), respectively. In patients with posterior circulation stroke, the predictive value of the improvement at 24 hours was similar (C-statistic 0.90).

Conclusion Clinical improvement of patients within 24 hours of MT is a reliable and robust predictor of long-term prognosis, including patients with posterior circulation occlusions.

  • stroke
  • thrombectomy

https://doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2020-015934

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    Footnotes

    • Twitter @ictusclinic, @mboreman, @marcriboj, @xabierurra

    • Contributors Conception, design of the study and statistical analysis plan (SR and XU). Data acquisition (all authors). Monitoring data collection (SAb and NPdlO). Data cleaning, analysis and interpretation (SR). Drafting the work (SR and XU). Revising the work critically (AC, CL, SAm, SAb and NPdlO). Final approval of the manuscript (all authors).

    • Funding SR, CL are sponsored by the Institute of Health Carlos III (CM18/00116, FI16/00231). XU is sponsored by ISC-III (INT19/00020) and European Social Fund «The ESF – Investing in your future»; The work was sponsored by Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa (RETICS-INVICTUS-PLUS RD0016/0019/0010-0002-0014), Fundo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), and CERCA Program/Generalitat de Catalunya.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Patient consent for publication Not required.

    • Ethics approval The local clinical research ethics committee from Hospital Clínic of Barcelona approved the study protocol (registration number HCB/2019/0716).

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Data availability statement Data are available upon reasonable request.