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Original research
Intravenous thrombolysis of large vessel occlusions is associated with higher hospital costs than small vessel strokes: a rationale for developing stroke severity-based financial models
  1. Ansaar T Rai1,
  2. Kim Evans2,
  3. Jack E Riggs3,
  4. Gerald R Hobbs4
  1. 1Department of Neuroradiology, Neurosurgery and Neurology West Virginia University Healthcare Room 2278, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
  2. 2Decision Support, West Virginia University Healthcare, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
  3. 3Department of Neurology, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
  4. 4Department of Statistics, HSCS, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
  1. Correspondence to Dr Ansaar T Rai, Neuroradiology, Neurosurgery and Neurology West Virginia University Healthcare Room 2278, HSCS, PO Box 9235, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; ansaar.rai{at}gmail.com

Abstract

Background Owing to their severity, large vessel occlusion (LVO) strokes may be associated with higher costs that are not reflected in current coding systems. This study aimed to determine whether intravenous thrombolysis costs are related to the presence or absence of LVO.

Methods Patients who had undergone intravenous thrombolysis over a 9-year period were divided into LVO and no LVO (nLVO) groups based on admission CT angiography. The primary outcome was hospital cost per admission. Secondary outcomes included admission duration, 90-day clinical outcome, and discharge destination.

Results 119 patients (53%) had LVO and 104 (47%) had nLVO. Total mean±SD cost per LVO patient was $18 815±14 262 compared with $15 174±11 769 per nLVO patient (p=0.04). Hospital payments per admission were $17 338±13 947 and $15 594±16 437 for LVO and nLVO patients, respectively (p=0.4). A good outcome was seen in 33 LVO patients (27.7%) and in 69 nLVO patients (66.4%) (OR 0.2, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.3, p<0.0001). Hospital mortality occurred in 31 LVO patients (26.1%) and in 7 nLVO patients (6.7%) (OR 0.2, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.5, p<0.0001). 31 LVO patients (32.6%) were discharged to home versus 64 nLVO patients (61.5%) (OR 4.5, 95% CI 2.6 to 8, p<0.0001). Admission duration was 7.5±6.9 days in LVO patients versus 4.9±4.2 days in nLVO patients (p=0.0009). Multivariate regression analysis after controlling for comorbidities showed the presence of LVO to be an independent predictor of higher total hospital costs.

Conclusions The presence or absence of LVO is associated with significant differences in hospital costs, outcomes, admission duration, and home discharge. These differences can be important when developing systems of care models for acute ischemic stroke.

  • Stroke
  • Thrombolysis
  • Economics

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