Article Text
Abstract
Background Foreign body emboli during endovascular treatment (EVT) may cause delayed enhancing lesions (DELs).
Objective To report our experiences of this complication in patients treated for cerebral aneurysms and to investigate the cause of the lesions by benchtop analyses.
Methods Three patients with DELs on MRI after EVT were retrospectively investigated. Unusual friction had occurred in the midst of coil delivery in two patients. The imaging findings, cause of the lesions due to the devices used for the procedure, treatment, and follow-up results were assessed. Two benchtop analyses were performed. First, a microcatheter that showed similar unusual friction during coiling was retrieved and dissected at the point of friction. Second, the EVT procedure was simulated with multiple coil advancement and withdrawal maneuvers within an acutely angulated microcatheter to identify downstream foreign body material emboli.
Results The DELs were identified 27–37 days (mean 32.7) after the procedure. The patients presented with left arm weakness, headache, and no other symptoms. The lesions were located in the hemisphere corresponding to the treatment. The symptoms subsided after conservative therapy. The dissected microcatheter showed whitish semitransparent material adherent to the inner lumen. Similar material was sieved after multiple coil advancement and withdrawal maneuvers.
Conclusions DELs may be caused by fragmentation and emboli of the inner coating wall of the microcatheter. Development of unusual friction during coil delivery may be a sign of damage of the microcatheter inner wall and the device should be discarded.
- Coil
- Embolic
- Catheter
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Footnotes
Contributors SWO, DJK: design of the study, patient enrollment, data acquisition, data analysis/interpretation, manuscript preparation, and revision of the draft critically for important intellectual content. NYS, H-JL: data acquisition, data analysis/interpretation, manuscript preparation. BMK: patient enrollment, data acquisition, data analysis/interpretation.
Funding This work was supported by a grant from the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (grant number: HC15C1056).
Competing interests None declared.
Ethics approval The study was approved by the Severance Hospital institutional review board with waiver of informed consent due to its retrospective design.
Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.
Data sharing statement Data for our study are available upon approval of the institutional review board of Severance Hospital.