Footnotes

• Contributors JFF, as senior author, coordinated the reformatting, revising, and collaboration with the primary authors for review to the Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery. RMS, MSH, PMM, RAM, GLP, JFF, SA, TA, BA, ASA, BWB, KRB, JEDA, CDG, DH, SWH, RPK, SKL, WJM, JM, CP, AP, PR, PS, and DF represent the combined members of the SNIS Executive Board and the Standards and Guidelines Committee (in addition to the other authors). These two bodies work together to evaluate published literature in the context of clinical practice, to determine the relevance and strength of that literature, and to provide expert opinion in clinical practice guidelines. Each of these authors reviewed the document, made revisions, and offered suggestions as their role as topic experts.

• Disclaimer This literature review (‘Review’) is provided for informational and educational purposes only. Adherence to any recommendations included in this Review will not ensure successful treatment in every situation. Furthermore, the recommendations contained in this Review should not be interpreted as setting a standard of care, or be deemed inclusive of all proper methods of care nor exclusive of other methods of care reasonably directed to obtaining the same results. The ultimate judgment regarding the propriety of any specific therapy must be made by the physician and the patient considering all the circumstances presented by the individual patient, and the known variability and biological behavior of the medical condition. This Review and its conclusions and recommendations reflect the best available information at the time the Review was prepared. The results of future studies may require revisions to the recommendations in this Review to reflect new data. SNIS does not warrant the accuracy or completeness of the Review and assumes no responsibility for any injury or damage to persons or property arising out of or related to any use of this Review or for any errors or omissions.

• Competing interests MC reports being a consultant for Medtronic, Penumbra, Stryker and Genentech. JEDA reports being a consultant for Medtronic, Penumbra, Sequent Medical and Accriva Diagnostics. JFF is an equity interest holder for Fawkes Biotechnology and a consultant for Stream Biomedical. DH reports being a consultant for Stryker Neurovascular. SWH reports being a consultant for Medina and Neuravi, as well as research contracts with Stryker Neurovascular, Siemens, MicroVention Terumo. Hirsch reports being a consultant for Medtronic. RK reports being a proctor and speaker for Medtronic. JM reports the following: consultant: Rebound Therapeutics, TSP, Cerebrotech, Lazarus Effect, Pulsar, Medina; investor: Blockade Medical, TSP, Lazarus effect, Medina; principal investigator (PI)/co-PI (CO-PI) for the following trials: THERAPY (PI), FEAT (PI), INVEST (Co-PI), COMPASS (Co-PI), LARGE (Co-PI), COAST (Co-PI), POSITIVE (Co-PI). Steering committee for the MAPS trial. CP reports the following: Consultant, Codman Neurovascular (serving on DSMB). GLP reports the following: Consultant, Sequent Medical (DSMB for Web-IT study). PR reports the following: Blockade Medical—Investor, Scientific Advisory Board and Stock Holder; Medtronic—Consultant/Honorarium; Nervive Medical—Scientific Advisory Board and Stock Holder; Perflow Medical—Scientific Advisory Board and Stock Holder; Stryker Neurovascular—Scientific Advisory Board. PS reports protctoring for Medtronic and is an investigator in STRATIS (Medtronic) and CARE (Penumbra) studies.

• Provenance and peer review Commissioned; internally peer reviewed.

• Correction notice Since this article was first published the initial A has been added to the author name Sameer Ansari. Dr Ansari’s affiliation has been updated also.