PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - John Ching Kwong Kwok
AU  - Wei Huang
AU  - Wing-Cheong Leung
AU  - Siu-Ki Chan
AU  - Kwong-Yau Chan
AU  - Kar-Ming Leung
AU  - Alberto Chi Ho Chu
AU  - Alexander Kar Ngai Lam
TI  - Human placenta as an ex vivo vascular model for neurointerventional research
AID  - 10.1136/neurintsurg-2013-010813
DP  - 2014 Jun 01
TA  - Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery
PG  - 394--399
VI  - 6
IP  - 5
4099  - http://jnis.bmj.com/content/6/5/394.short
4100  - http://jnis.bmj.com/content/6/5/394.full
SO  - J NeuroIntervent Surg2014 Jun 01; 6
AB  - Background Human placenta is a convenient resource for biomedical research, and has not yet been used for neurointerventional surgery research. Objective Our objective was to explore the feasibility of using human placenta to test various endovascular interventions and for training. Design 18 placentas soon after delivery were prepared for six pilot studies. (1) Study on anatomical similarity to human cerebral vessel. (2) Simulation of stent assisted coiling and flow diversion on an aneurysm model. (3) Simulation of intra-arterial thrombolysis. (4) Simulation of embolization of arteriovenous malformation with glues. (5) Simulation of mechanical thrombolysis and comparison of different devices. (6) Vascular model for training of neurointerventionalists. Results When the chorionic plate vessels were compared with the cerebral cortical vessels, similarities were found in vascular branch patterns, histological cross sections, and angiographic appearances. Due to the semitransparency of its vessel wall, performance of flow diverter and stent assisted coiling of an aneurysm could be visualized under direct microscopic observation. Similarly, timing of clot lysis and glue polymerization could be estimated. Endothelial change after thrombectomy could be assessed by histological methods. From these pilot studies, the placenta model could be adopted to simulate various clinical situations. It is also ideal for interventional radiology training. Conclusions It is feasible to adopt the human placenta as an ex vivo vascular model in neurointerventional surgery research due to the fact that its vessels resemble the brain vasculature.