@article {Shotarneurintsurg-2021-017992, author = {Eimad Shotar and Marc-Antoine Labeyrie and Alessandra Biondi and St{\'e}phane Velasco and Guillaume Saliou and Gr{\'e}goire Boulouis and Benjamin Daumas-Duport and Romain Bourcier and Kevin Janot and Denis Herbreteau and Caterina Michelozzi and Kevin Premat and Hocine Redjem and Nicolas Bricout and Pierre Thouant and Charles Arteaga and Laurent Pierot and Florence Tahon and Kamel Boubagra and Leon Ikka and Emmanuel Chabert and St{\'e}phanie Lenck and Alexis Gu{\'e}don and Arturo Consoli and Suzana Saleme and Federico di Maria and Jean-Christophe Ferr{\'e} and Francois Eugene and Ren{\'e} Anxionnat and Gaultier Marnat and Zakaria Guetarni and Nader-Antoine Sourour and Didier Dormont and Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric Claren{\c c}on}, title = {Non-ischemic cerebral enhancing lesions after intracranial aneurysm endovascular repair: a retrospective French national registry}, elocation-id = {neurintsurg-2021-017992}, year = {2021}, doi = {10.1136/neurintsurg-2021-017992}, publisher = {British Medical Journal Publishing Group}, abstract = {Background Non-ischemic cerebral enhancing (NICE) lesions are exceptionally rare following aneurysm endovascular therapy (EVT).Objective To investigate the presenting features and longitudinal follow-up of patients with NICE lesions following aneurysm EVT.Methods Patients included in a retrospective national multicentre inception cohort were analysed. NICE lesions were defined, using MRI, as delayed onset punctate, nodular or annular foci enhancements with peri-lesion edema, distributed in the vascular territory of the aneurysm EVT, with no other confounding disease.Results From a pool of 58 815 aneurysm endovascular treatment procedures during the study sampling period (2006{\textendash}2019), 21/37 centres identified 31 patients with 32 aneurysms of the anterior circulation who developed NICE lesions (mean age 45{\textpm}10 years). Mean delay to diagnosis was 5{\textpm}9 months, with onset occurring a month or less after the index EVT procedure in 10 out of 31 patients (32\%). NICE lesions were symptomatic at time of onset in 23 of 31 patients (74\%). After a mean follow-up of 25{\textpm}26 months, 25 patients (81\%) were asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic without disability (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 0{\textendash}1) at last follow-up while 4 (13\%) presented with mild disability (mRS score 2). Clinical follow-up data were unavailable for two patients. Follow-up MRI (available in 27 patients; mean time interval after onset of 22{\textpm}22 months) demonstrated persistent enhancement in 71\% of cases.Conclusions The clinical spectrum of NICE lesions following aneurysm EVT therapy spans a wide range of neurological symptoms. Clinical course is most commonly benign, although persistent long-term enhancement is frequent.Data are available upon reasonable request.}, issn = {1759-8478}, URL = {https://jnis.bmj.com/content/early/2021/09/20/neurintsurg-2021-017992}, eprint = {https://jnis.bmj.com/content/early/2021/09/20/neurintsurg-2021-017992.full.pdf}, journal = {Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery} }