Trial | Criteria | Treatment arms | n | Mean or median NIHSS | Mean hours from onset to treatment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
NINDS,* 19952 | All ischemic strokes <3 h | IV tPA | 312 | 14.0 | 1.5* |
Placebo | 312 | 14.5 | 1.6* | ||
PROACT II, 199911 | MCA occlusion, NIHSS≥4, <6 h | IA prourokinase + IV heparin | 180 | 17.0 | 4.7 |
IMS I, 200410 | Arterial occlusion, NIHSS≥10, <3 h | IV tPA + IA tPA | 80 | 18.0 | 2.3 |
MERCI, 200514 | Large vessel occlusion, NIHSS≥8, <8 h | Mechanical thrombectomy | 151 | 20.1 | 4.3 |
IMS II, 200712 | Arterial occlusion, NIHSS≥10, <3 h | IV tPA, IA tPA and ultrasound | 81 | 19.0 | 2.4 |
Multi-MERCI, 200813 | Large vessel occlusion, NIHSS≥8, <8 h | Mechanical thrombectomy | 164 | 19.0 | NR |
Penumbra, 200915 | Large vessel occlusion, NIHSS≥8, <8 h | Mechanical thrombectomy | 125 | 17.6 | 4.3 |
RECOST, 201116 | Large vessel occlusion, <6 h anterior circulation, <24 h posterior | Solitaire stent thrombectomy | 50 | 14.7 | 5.6† |
SARIS, 2009,6 20117 | Arterial occlusion, NIHSS≥8, <8 h, no response to IV tPA | Wingspan stent thrombectomy | 20 | 14.0 | 5.2 |
SWIFT, 201217 19 | Large vessel occlusion, NIHSS 8–29, <8 h, no response to IV tPA | Solitaire stent thrombectomy | 113 | 17.3 | 4.9 |
START, 20128 | Large vessel occlusion, NIHSS >10, <8 h | Mechanical thrombectomy | 77 | 19.4 | 4.2 |
TREVO, 20129 | Large vessel occlusion, NIHSS 8–30, <8 h | TREVO stent thrombectomy | 60 | 18.0 | 3.5 |
TREVO 2, 201218 20 | Large vessel occlusion, NIHSS 8–30, <8 h | TREVO stent thrombectomy | 88 | 19.0 | 4.7 |
Time of treatment is defined as time of tPA administration in NINDS or time of groin puncture in all other studies. Data from SWIFT and TREVO 2 are from conference presentations.
*Calculated based upon number of patients in the 0–90 and 90–180 min stratum of the combined results.
†Summation of time to presentation, presentation to imaging, time required for imaging and time from imaging to groin puncture.
IA, intra-arterial; IV, intravenous; MCA, middle cerebral artery; NIHSS, NIS Stroke Scale; NR, not reported; tPA, tissue plasminogen activator.