Follow-up (months) | Postoperative radiographic resolution | Complications† | Recurrence | Neurologic outcome‡ | Death | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Authors and year | Complete | Partial | Catheter-related | New+worse ICH | Good (mRS 0–2) | Poor (mRS 3–5) | |||
Ma et al 18 2016 | 6–14 | 23/23 (100.0%) | 0/23 (0.0%) | 0/23 (0.0%) | 0/23 (0.0%) | 0/23 (0.0%) | |||
Mokin et al 14 2015 | 3 | 3/11 (27.3%) | 8/11 (72.7%) | 0/11 (0.0%) | 4/9 (44.4%) | 2/9 (22.2%) | 3/11 (27.3%) | ||
Zhen et al 12 2015 | 5/8 (62.5%) | 2/8 (25.0%) | 0/8 (0.0%) | 0/7 (0.0%) | 7/8 (87.5%) | 0/8 (0.0%) | 1/8 (12.5%) | ||
Shui et al 13 2014 | 42.3 | 26/26 (100.0%) | 0/26 (0.0%) | 0/26 (0.0%) | 0/26 (0.0%) | ||||
Siddiqui et al 16 2014 | 6 | 16/33 (48.5%) | 13/33 (39.4%) | 4/34 (11.8%) | 8/34 (23.5%) | 1/29 (3.4%) | 19/29§ (65.5%) | 8/29§ (27.6%) | 7/34 (20.6%) |
Poulsen et al 19¶ 2013 | |||||||||
Mortimer et al 20 2013 | 3/9 (33.3%) | 5/9 (55.6%) | 2/9 (22.2%) | 2/9 (22.2%) | 0/8 (0.0%) | 8/9 (88.9%) | 0/9 (0.0%) | 1/9 (11.1%) | |
Li et al 21 2013 | 6 | 45/52 (86.5%) | 3/52 (5.8%) | 4/52 (7.7%) | 0/48 (0.0%) | 43/52 (82.7%) | 3/52 (5.8%) | 6/52 (11.5%) | |
Jankowitz et al 8 2013 | 6/6 (100.0%) | 0/6 (0.0%) | 0/6 (0.0%) | 0/6 (0.0%) | 4/6 (66.7%) | 1/6 (16.7%) | 1/6 (16.7%) | ||
Dashti et al 7 2013 | 5 | 6/13 (46.2%) | 7/13 (53.8%) | 1/13 (7.7%) | 0/13 (0.0%) | 7/9 (77.8%) | 0/9 (0.0%) | 2/13 (15.4%) | |
Choulakian and Alexander6 2010 | 3/4 (75.0%) | 1/4 (25.0%) | 0/4 (0.0%) | 0/4 (0.0%) | 3/4 (75.0%) | 0/4 (0.0%) | 1/4 (25.0%) | ||
La Barge et al 10 2009 | 5 | 0/9 (0.0%) | 9/9 (100.0%) | 1/9 (11.1%) | 0/9 (0.0%) | 4/9 (44.4%) | 2/9 (22.2%) | 3/9 (33.3%) | |
Modi et al 22 2009 | 9.5 | 1/4 (25.0%) | 3/4 (75.0%) | 0/4 (0.0%) | 0/4 (0.0%) | 2/4 (50.0%) | 1/4 (25.0%) | 1/4 (25.0%) | |
Zhang et al 11 2008 | 12 | 4/6 (66.7%) | 2/6 (33.3%) | 0/6 (0.0%) | 0/6 (0.0%) | 4/6 (66.7%) | 0/6 (0.0%) | 2/6 (33.3%) | |
Tsai et al 23 2007 | 15/15 (100.0%) | 0/15 (0.0%) | 0/15 (0.0%) | ||||||
Kirsch et al 9 2007 | 4/4 (100.0%) | 0/4 (0.0%) | 0/4 (0.0%) | 0/4 (0.0%) | 3/4 (75.0%) | 0/4 (0.0%) | 1/4 (25.0%) | ||
Baker et al 17 2001 | 2/5 (40.0%) | 3/5 (60.0%) | 1/5 (20.0%) | 1/5 (20.0%) | 1/5 (20.0%) | 4/5 (80.0%) | 1/5 (20.0%) | 0/5 (0.0%) | |
Total | 147/213 (69.0%) | 56/213 (26.3%) | 9/143 (6.3%) | 15/173 (8.7%) | 2/168 (1.2%) | 127/167 (76.0%) | 18/167 (10.8%) | 29/203 (14.3%) | |
Range | 5–42.3 | 0.0–100.0% | 0.0–100.0% | 0.0–22.2% | 0.0–23.5% | 0.0–20.0% | 44.4–100% | 0.0–27.6% | 0.0–33.3% |
*Blank cells represent data that were not reported.
†Catheter-related complications: sinus perforation: 3/143 (2.1%); catheter tip fracture: 1/143 (0.7%); groin hematoma: 3/143 (2.1%); retroperitoneal hematoma: 1/143 (0.7%); transient leg ischemia: 1/143 (0.7%).
‡Neurologic deficit recording based on neurologic data explicitly reported in the studies when possible. If such data were not available, an mRS of 0 corresponded to normal neurologic function; 1–2, to mild neurologic deficit; 3–4, to moderate; and 5, to severe. An mRS score of 0–2 was considered a good outcome while an mRS score of 3–5 was considered a poor outcome.
§Neurologic deficit correspond to status at discharge; however, at >6-months’ follow-up, mRS was ≤1 in 16 patients (73%) and >1 in 6 patients (27%).
¶Poulsen et al reported on nine patients treated endovascularly for CVST. Of these, six underwent mechanical thrombectomy, but follow-up and outcome data for only these six could not be extracted from the study. Overall, patients were followed-up for 6 months. Complete recanalization was achieved in 2/9 cases; partial, in 7/9 cases. Complications included traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (1/9), new ICH (3/9), worsening ICH (1/9), and death (1/9). There were no instances of CVST recurrence during this follow-up duration. Neurologic outcome was normal in 5/9 cases, mild deficit in 2/9 cases, and moderate deficit in 1/9 cases (based on mRS).
CVST, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis; ICH, intracerebral hemorrhage; mRS, modified Rankin Scale.