Table 1

Study characteristics of included analyses

StudyStudy typeMCRegistry/RCT nameIVT-E/IVT-INMatchingnAgeAdmission NIHSSSTG (min)D/ITG (min)TICIGrading sICHPOI
dMTEIVT+MTEdMTEIVT+MTEpdMTEIVT+MTEpdMTEIVT+MTEPdMTEIVT + MTEp
Broeg-Morvay et al17PO–Bernese Stroke RegistryIVT-E√404077+/−1478+/−120.8517 range (4–38)17 range (4–36)0.85229+/−79262+/−850.01²N/AN/AN/AmPROACT II−
Wang et al18PO√ACTUALIVT-E√13813867
(59–75)		67
(59–73)		0.5816
(13–21)		17
(13–21)		0.50N/AN/AN/A106
(61–135)		147
(114–200)		<0.001mHBC−
Weber et al19RO−N/AIVT-E/IN−145
(70 IVT-E,
75 IVT-IN)		10569+/−1570+/−130.88215
(9–19)		16
(12–20)		0.215210
(152–330)		233
(198–295)		0.103112
(60–153)		148
(122–167)		<0.001mECASS III√³
Sanak et al31RO√N/AIVT-IN−17919366+/−1263+/−14N/A1518<0.001N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/An.s.SITS-MOST−
Coutinho et al20RCT/
PO1		√SWIFT/STARIVT-IN−13116069+/−1267+/−130.1417
(13–20)		17
(13–20)		0.86262
(201–375)		254
(195–305)		0.1079
(54–120)		79
(49–111)		0.46MICH w NIHSS increase≥4 or death−
Abilleira et al21PO√SONIAIVT-IN−59956768+/−1469+/−130.46417
(12–20)		17
(13–20)		0.627300
(174.564)		246
(186–318)		<0.001N/AN/AN/AMSITS-MOST−
Kaesmacher et al32RO−N/AIVT-IN−7916073+/−1270+/−160.08315
(11–18)		15
(11–17)		0.851195
(135–256)		195
(157–247)		0.913N/AN/AN/AON/A−
Behme et al33RO√N/AIVT-IN−276674
(48–91)		74
(32–91)		0.3017+/−816+/−60.70192
(72–329)		194
(83–396)		0.50N/AN/AN/AMN/A−
Guedin et al22RO−N/AIVT-IN−402865+/−1569+/−140.2415
(10–20)		18
(13–19)		0.39204
(175–290)		240
(187–275)		0.62N/AN/AN/An.s.PH2 with NIHSS increase≥4−
Maier et al23RO−N/AIVT-IN−288176
(63–80)		75
(62–80)		0.82713
(8–18)		17
(11–21)		0.013174
(120–253)		153
(120–213)		0.365N/AN/AN/AMICH within 48 h w NIHSS increase of≥4 points−
Rai et al24RO−N/AIVT-IN−523869+/−1863+/−190.1516
(10–22)		18
(13–23)		0.08319+/−270106+/−52<0.00147+/−3260+/−330.054mN/A−
Leker et al25RO−N/AIVT-IN−332464+/−1567+/−140.53N/AN/AN/A284+/−132242+/−710.17140+/−97149+/−630.73ON/A−
Minnerup et al26PO√REVASKIVT-IN−50460369+/−1568+/−14N/A15 (9)15 (7)N/A294+/−227233+/−179<0.001N/AN/AN/AN/AN/A√4
Alonso de Lecinana et al27PO√FUN-TPAIVT-IN−215374
(66–78)		64
(51–73)		0.00619
(13–22)		17
(14–22)		0.24210
(168–257)		275
(225–345)		0.02N/AN/AN/AOSITS-MOST√5
Davalos et al28RO√N/AIVT-IN−677466+/−1466+/−13N/A18
(15–29)		17
(11–21)		330
(195–605)		290
(225–360)		N/AN/AN/AN/AMPH2√6
Nogueira et al51PO√NASAIVT-IN−17913668+/−1467+/−160.818+/−619+/−70.3N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AMN/A√7
Wee et al61RO−N/AIVT-IN−292171+/−1473+/−160.74515+/−715+/−70.780220+/−187165+/−600.204N/AN/AN/AMECASS II−
Mulder et al30RCT√MR CLEANIVT-IN−3020365
(54–76)		68
(62–78)		N/A19
(14–22)		18
(14–22)		N/A242
(200–300)		265
(214–315)		N/AN/AN/AN/AO−
Goyal et al5RCT√ESCAPEIVT-IN−4512071+/−1670+/−12N/A15.5
(12–21)		17
(13–20)		N/A359
(193.5–551)		162
(140–236)		<0.0148
(28–65)		53
(40–74)		N/AMECASS II−
Jovin et al1RCT√REVASCATIVT-IN337066+/−1166+/−12N/A18+/−416+/−5N/A281+/−114267+/−83.7N/A74.3+/−27.664+/−28.3N/AMSITS-MOST−
Summary4 RCT,
6 PO,
10 RO		12 MC studies2 IVT-E
1 IVT-E/IN
17 IVT-IN		two studies performed case matching239928805

  • 1, combined data of SWIFT and STAR; 2, unmatched cohorts; 3, 20.4%; 4, 12.0%; 5, 7.6%; 6, 13.5%; 7, 10.8%; MC, multi-center; RO, retrospective observational; PO, prospective observational; PH-RCT, post-hoc randomized controlled trial analysis; RCT, randomized controlled trial; IVT-E, direct mechanical thrombectomy patients eligible for IVT; IVT-IN, direct mechanical thrombectomy patients ineligible for IVT; dMTE, direct mechanical thrombectomy; IVT+MTE, intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy; STG, symptom onset to groin puncture interval; D/ITG, door or imaging to groin puncture interval; TICI, thrombolysis in cerebral Infarction; m, modified; o, original; n.s., not specified; sICH, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage; POI, posterior occlusions included; N/A, not available; PROACT, intra-arterial prourokinase for acute ischemic stroke; ECASS, European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study; SITS-MOST,  safe implementation of thrombolysis in stroke-monitoring study in Italy; w, with; PH2, parenchymal hematoma type 2 according to the ECASS I criteria; data are generally displayed as mean +/-SD deviation or median (IQR) if not otherwise specified.