Pooled cohort characteristics
| Healthy | Pilot | VITAL | Total | |
| No of patients (%) | 79 (32) | 41 (16) | 128 (52) | 248 |
| Age (years) (mean±SD) | 58 (±15) | 71 (±15) | 62 (±16) | 62 (±16) |
| Men (n (%)) | 35 (44) | 22 (54) | 58 (45) | 115 (46) |
| NIHSS (median (IQR)) | N/A | 14 (13) | 2 (9) | N/A |
| Pathology | ||||
| Ischemic stroke | ||||
| ELVO | ||||
| ICA/M1 | N/A | 12 | 13 | N/A |
| Proximal M2 | N/A | 3 | 1 | N/A |
| Distal M2 | N/A | 5 | 7 | N/A |
| Acute small strokes | N/A | 1 | 15 | N/A |
| Established territorial strokes | N/A | 1 | 3 | N/A |
| Prior non-territorial strokes | N/A | 1 | 4 | N/A |
| Severe stenosis with NIHSS ≥6 | N/A | 10 | 0 | N/A |
| Hemorrhagic stroke | ||||
| ICH <60 mL | N/A | 0 | 10 | N/A |
| ICH >60 mL | N/A | 0 | 2 | N/A |
| SAH | N/A | 0 | 8 | N/A |
| SDH | N/A | 1 | 0 | N/A |
| UIA | N/A | 1 | 3 | N/A |
| Stroke mimics | ||||
| Seizure | N/A | 1 | 2 | N/A |
| Other (eg, metabolic) | N/A | 5 | 26 | N/A |
| Tumors | N/A | 0 | 6 | N/A |
| Miscellaneous | N/A | 0 | 15 | N/A |
| Excluded | ||||
| Hardware | N/A | 0 | 7 | N/A |
| Craniotomy | N/A | 0 | 6 | N/A |
ELVO, emergent large vessel occlusion; ICA, internal carotid artery; ICH, intracerebral hemorrhage; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; SAH, subarachnoid hemorrhage; SDH, subdural hematoma; UIA, unruptured intracranial aneurysm.