Table 1

Pharmacological characteristics of P2Y12 receptor inhibitors and GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors

	Clopidogrel	Prasugrel	Ticagrelor	Cangrelor	Abciximab	Eptifibatide	Tirofiban
Class	Thienopyridine	Thienopyridine	Triazolopyrimidine	ATP analog	GPIIb/IIIa i	GPIIb/IIIa i	GPIIb/IIIa i
Reversibility	Irreversible	Irreversible	Reversible	Reversible	Irreversible	Irreversible	Irreversible
Prodrug	Yes	Yes	No	No	Monoclonal antibody	Peptide	Non-peptide
Administration route	Oral	Oral	Oral	Intravenous	Intravenous	Intravenous	Intravenous
Onset of effect	2−8 hours	30 min to 4 hours	30 min to 4 hours	Immediate	10 min	15 min	30 min
Duration of effect	5−7 days	7−10 days	3−5 days	30−60 min	12 hours	4−6 hours	4−8 hours
Half-Life	~6 hours	~7 hours	~8 hours	3−5 min	30 min	1−3 hours	1−2 hours
Frequency	Once daily	Once daily	Twice daily	Bolus plus infusion	Bolus plus infusion	Bolus plus infusion	Bolus plus infusion
Influenced by genetic variation	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No
Approved settings	ACS (invasively and noninvasively treated) and PCI in stable CAD	ACS undergoing PCI	ACS (invasively and noninvasively treated)	*PCI in patients with ACS and stable CAD	ACS undergoing PCI	ACS (invasively and noninvasively treated)	ACS (invasively and noninvasively treated)

Source: Adapted from Qamar and Bhatt.9
*Patients with ACS or stable CAD who have not been pretreated with P2Y12 receptor inhibitor and are not receiving a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor.
ACS, acute coronary syndrome; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; CAD, coronary artery disease; GPIIb/IIIa i, Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.