Patient characteristics
| Variable | |
| Age, years | 55±14 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 30 (60) |
| BMI | 29±6 |
| Handedness | |
| Right, n (%) | 40 (80) |
| Left, n (%) | 6 (12) |
| Unknown, n (%) | 4 (8) |
| Inpatient, n (%) | 26 (52) |
| Active antiplatelet therapy, n (%) | 24 (48) |
| Active dual antiplatelet therapy, n (%) | 9 (18) |
| Active anticoagulation therapy, n (%) | 8 (16) |
| Radial artery diameter, mm | 2.1±0.7 |
| Ulnar artery diameter, mm | 1.8±0.6 |
| Radial artery anomaly | |
| Tortuosity, n (%) | 4 (8) |
| Stenosis, n (%) | 0 |
| Hypoplasia, n (%) | 0 |
| Radioulnar loop, n (%) | 1 (2) |
| Abnormal origin, n (%) | 0 |
| Retroesophageal RS, n (%) | 0 |
| Aortic arch type13 | |
| Type 1, BT, LCC, LS, n (%) | 36 (77) |
| Type 2, BT with LCC, LS, n (%) | 9 (19) |
| Type 3, BT, LCC, LV, LS, n (%) | 2 (4) |
Results are shown as means±SD unless stated otherwise.
Radial and ulnar artery diameters were measured using ultrasound; tortuosity was defined as radial artery maximum angulation >45 degrees; aortic arch type was determined based on the intraprocedural arch aortogram and only 47 patients underwent aortography, although this was required by the trial protocol.
BT, brachiocephalic trunk; BMI, body mass index; LCC, left common carotid artery; LS, left subclavian artery; LV, left vertebral artery; RS, right subclavian artery.