Variable | Unruptured AVM | Ruptured AVM | P value* | Total |
Total | 133 | 125 | 258 | |
Sex (%) | 0.73 | |||
Male | 62 (46.6) | 61 (48.8) | 123 | |
Female | 71 (53.4) | 64 (51.2) | 135 | |
Age (years), mean±SD | 38.2±14.9 | 38.4±18.5 | 0.95 | |
Spetzler-Martin grade (%) | 0.45 | |||
I | 45 (33.8) | 48 (38.4) | 93 | |
II | 88 (66.2) | 77 (61.6) | 165 | |
Presentation (%) | ||||
Hemorrhage | 0 | 125 (100) | 125 | |
Headache | 42 (31.6) | 0 | 42 | |
Seizure | 54 (40.6) | 0 | 54 | |
Deficit | 12 (9.0) | 0 | 12 | |
Incidental | 25 (18.8) | 0 | 25 | |
Venous drainage (%) | 0.23 | |||
Deep | 21 (15.8) | 27 (21.6) | 48 | |
Superficial | 112 (84.2) | 98 (78.4) | 210 | |
Eloquence (%) | 0.19 | |||
Eloquent | 54 (40.6) | 41 (32.8) | 95 | |
Non-eloquent | 79 (59.4) | 84 (67.2) | 163 | |
Treatment (%) | 0.0013 | |||
Presurgical embolization | 90 (67.7) | 74 (59.2) | 164 | |
Microsurgery alone | 15 (11.3) | 39 (31.2) | 54 | |
Radiosurgery alone | 28 (21.1) | 12 (9.6) | 40 | |
Embolization | ||||
Mean number of arterial feeding arteries | 1.44 | 1.41 | 0.75 | |
Mean number of arterial pedicles embolized | 2.51 | 1.82 | 0.003 | |
Embolic agent | 0.282 | |||
n-BCA | 81 | 70 | 151 | |
Onyx | 6 | 2 | 8 | |
Coils | 0 | 2 | 2 | |
PVA | 3 | 3 | 6 | |
Preoperative mRS (%) | 0.000003 | |||
0–2 | 133 (100) | 101 (80.8) | 234 | |
3 | 0 | 15 (12.0) | 15 | |
4 | 0 | 6 (4.8) | 6 | |
5 | 0 | 3 (2.4) | 3 | |
6 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
*Statistical significance defined as p<0.05.
AVM, arteriovenous malformation; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; n-BCA, n-butyl cyanoacrylate; PVA, polyvinyl alcohol.