General characteristics of the study population and outcome variables
| Variable | Entire cohort | Fast progressors | Slow progressors | ||||||
| Fast progressors (n=121) | Slow progressors (n=121) | P value | MT (n=96) | No MT (n=25) | P value | MT (n=99) | No MT (n=22) | P value | |
| General characteristics | |||||||||
| eIPR, mL/hour, median (IQR) | 14 (7.1–26) | 1.4 (0.6–2.7) | <0.001 | 13 (7.2–24) | 16 (6.8–31) | 0.622 | 1.4 (0.7–2.7) | 1.3 (0.2–3.7) | 0.814 |
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 66 (15) | 70 (13) | 0.018 | 66 (16) | 67 (13) | 0.646 | 70 (13) | 71 (11) | 0.937 |
| Premorbid mRS, median (IQR) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0.626 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–1) | 0.157 | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0.990 |
| Glucose, mg/dL, mean (SD) | 129 (38) | 127 (40) | 0.757 | 127 (40) | 134 (33) | 0.447 | 129 (42) | 120 (24) | 0.369 |
| Male, % | 59 | 46 | 0.040 | 57 | 64 | 0.544 | 54.5 | 54.5 | 1 |
| Hypertension, % | 51 | 57 | 0.367 | 51 | 52 | 0.932 | 56 | 64 | 0.489 |
| Dyslipidemia, % | 41 | 38 | 0.599 | 41 | 44 | 0.760 | 36 | 46 | 0.427 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 12 | 16 | 0.349 | 10 | 16 | 0.484 | 18 | 5 | 0.192 |
| Atrial fibrillation, % | 22 | 30 | 0.141 | 24 | 12 | 0.276 | 31 | 23 | 0.426 |
| Baseline NIHSS score, median (IQR) | 18 (14–22) | 16 (9–20) | 0.001 | 18 (14–22) | 18 (13–21) | 0.810 | 16 (9–20) | 11.5 (9–16) | 0.043 |
| ASPECTS, median (IQR) | 9 (8–9) | 9 (9–10) | <0.001 | 9 (8–10) | 7 (7–9) | <0.001 | 9 (9–10) | 9 (8–10) | 0.800 |
| Collateral score, median (IQR) | 2 (1–2) | 2 (2–3) | <0.001 | 2 (1–2) | 1 (1–2) | 0.035 | 2 (2–3) | 2 (2–3) | 0.557 |
| Time to CT, min, median (IQR) | 105 (70–175) | 196 (131–253) | <0.001 | 97 (65–160.5) | 121 (96–181) | 0.055 | 198 (131–254) | 176 (120–251) | 0.954 |
| Initial core volume, mL, median (IQR) | 23 (16–38) | 3.6 (1.7–8.5) | <0.001 | 22 (16–32) | 31 (18–66) | 0.070 | 3.6 (1.9–8.9) | 4.0 (0.4–8.1) | 0.694 |
| Intravenous tPA, % | 72 | 58 | 0.022 | 68 | 88 | 0.049 | 56 | 68 | 0.278 |
| MT, % | 82 | 79 | 0.626 | 100 | - | - | 100 | - | - |
| mTICI score 2b/3, % | 77 | 84 | 0.234 | 77 | - | - | 84 | - | - |
| Clinical and radiological outcomes | |||||||||
| Infarct growth, mL, median (IQR)* | 7.2 (−7.7–59) | 11.4 (1.4–30) | 0.232 | 3.8 (−11–55) | 41 (11–107) | 0.009 | 11 (1.4–32) | 11 (1.1–28) | 0.856 |
| Final infarct volume, mL, median (IQR)* | 36 (14–99) | 17 (4.4–38) | <0.001 | 26 (11–74) | 79 (51–144) | 0.002 | 17 (5.1–38) | 16 (3.1–34) | 0.539 |
| 90-day mRS score, median (IQR) | 3 (1–4) | 2 (1–3) | 0.027 | 2 (1–4) | 4 (3–5) | <0.001 | 2 (1–3) | 3 (1–5) | 0.048 |
| 90-day mortality, % | 9.9 | 5.8 | 0.232 | 6.2 | 24 | 0.008 | 6.1 | 4.5 | 1 |
| sICH, % | 3.4 | 2.5 | 0.721 | 3.2 | 4.2 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 |
ASPECTS, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score; eIPR, estimated Infarct progression rate; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; MT, mechanical thrombectomy; mTICI, modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; sICH, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage.