Basic characteristic of patients and bAVMs*, comparing ruptured and unruptured bAVM groups
| Total 65 | Unruptured bAVMs 22 | Ruptured bAVMs 43 | P-value | |
| Age* | 40.5 ± 30.2 | 41.45 ± 13.7 | 40.0 ± 14.9 | 0.709 |
| Male | 36 (55.4%) | 15 (68.2%) | 21 (58.3%) | 0.111 |
| Preoperative mRS (good) | 60 (92.3%) | 22 (100.0%) | 38 (88.4%) | 0.117 |
| SM grade III subtypes | 0.132 | |||
| A (S1V1E1) | 28 (43.1%) | 7 (31.8%) | 21 (48.8%) | |
| B (S2V1E0) | 13 (20.0%) | 3 (13.6%) | 10 (23.3%) | |
| C (S2V0E1) | 23 (35.4%) | 12 (54.5%) | 11 (25.6%) | |
| D (S3V0E0) | 1 (1.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (2.3%) | |
| Localization | 0.608 | |||
| Cortical-subcortical | 51 (78.5%) | 19 (86.4%) | 32 (74.4%) | |
| Cortical-deep | 2 (3.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (4.7%) | |
| Deep | 9 (13.8%) | 2 (9.1%) | 7 (16.3%) | |
| Infratentorial | 3 (4.6%) | 1 (4.5%) | 2 (4.7%) | |
| Eloquent | 51 (78.5%) | 19 (86.4%) | 11 (74.4%) | 0.218 |
| Sensorimotor | 22 (33.8%) | 8 (36.4%) | 14 (32.6%) | 0.211 |
| Visual | 11 (16.9%) | 6 (27.3%) | 5 (11.6%) | |
| Language | 8 (12.3%) | 4 (18.2%) | 4 (9.3%) | |
| Thalamus, basal ganglia, hypothalamus internal capsule | 7 (10.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 7 (16.3%) | |
| Cerebellar peduncle and nuclei | 1 (1.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (2.3%) | |
| Brainstem | 2 (3.1%) | 1 (4.5%) | 1 (2.3%) | |
| Nidus diameter (mm) | 30.2 ± 13.0 | 33.1 ± 8.9 | 28.7 ± 14.5 | 0.140 |
| Arterial aneurysm | 19 (29.2%) | 6 (27.3%) | 13 (30.2%) | 0.804 |
| Nidal aneurysm | 18 (27.7%) | 5 (22.7%) | 13 (30.2%) | 0.307† |
| Deep vein drainage | 41 (63.1%) | 10 (45.5%) | 31 (72.1%) | 0.037 |
| Single venous drainage | 15 (23.1%) | 5 (22.7%) | 10 (23.3%) | 0.610† |
| Drained venous ectasia | 28 (43.1%) | 11 (50.0%) | 17 (39.5%) | 0.420 |
| Total number of sessions | 2 (1–8) | 2 (1–5) | 1 (1–8) | 0.021‡ |
| Follow-up (months) | 6 (6–72) | 6 (6–10) | 6 (6–72) | 0.243 |
| Complete exclusion | 57 (86.4%) | 18 (81.8%) | 39 (88.6%) | 0.343 |
| Pressure cooker approach | 3 (4.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (7.0%) | 0.283† |
| Venous approach | 2 (3.1%) | 1 (4.5%) | 1 (2.3%) | 0.566† |
*mean±SD (SD).
†Fisher’s exact test.
‡Mann–Whitney U test.
bAVMs, brain arteriovenous malformations; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; SM, Spetzler–Martin.