Efficacy and safety outcomes by baseline ischemic core volume
| Group (baseline ischemic core volume) | Group A (70–100 mL) | Group B (101–130 mL) | Group C (>130 mL) | |||||||||
| Efficacy and safety outcomes | MT (n=31) | SMT (n=21) | Crude ORs (95% CI) | aORs* (95% CI) | MT (n=14) | SMT (n=22) | Crude ORs (95% CI) | aORs* (95% CI) | MT (n=4) | SMT (n=65) | Crude ORs (95% CI) | aORs* (95% CI) |
| mRS score 0–2 at 3 months | 16 (52) | 1 (5) | 21.3 (1.97 to 180) | 55.1 (1.92 to 1586) | 4 (29) | 2 (9) | 4.00 (0.62 to 25.7) | 5.75 (0.22 to 151) | 1 (25) | 0 | -- | -- |
| mRS score 0–2 or a return to the same score as the prestroke mRS at 3 months | 17 (55) | 1 (5) | 24.3 (2.89 to 204.2) | 81.6 (2.13 to 3131) | 6 (43) | 4 (18) | 3.38 (0.74 to 15.3) | 2.16 (0.24 to 19.6) | 1 (25) | 0 | -- | -- |
| Severe disability or death at 3 months | 7 (23) | 12 (57) | 0.22 (0.07 to 0.73) | 0.04 (0.01 to 1.82) | 4 (29) | 9 (41) | 0.58 (0.14 to 2.43) | 1.37 (0.15 to 12.2) | 2 (50) | 50 (77) | 0.30 (0.04 to 2.31) | 1.01 (0.01 to 98.6) |
| Death within 3 months | 3 (10) | 5 (24) | 0.34 (0.07 to 1.63) | 0.29 (0.01 to 9.38) | 0 | 4 (18) | -- | -- | 1 (25) | 19 (29) | 0.81 (0.08 to 8.26) | 0.31 (0.02 to 5.94) |
| Parenchymal hematoma | 2 (7) | 5 (24) | 0.22 (0.04 to 1.27) | 0.02 (0.00 to 1.31) | 1 (7) | 4 (18) | 0.35 (0.03 to 3.47) | 0.18 (0.01 to 10.3) | 2 (50) | 13 (20) | 0.44 (0.16 to 1.25) | 3.57 (0.19 to 65.9) |
| Any ICH within 36 hours | 14 (45) | 6 (29) | 2.06 (0.63 to 6.71) | 1.56 (0.25 to 9.63) | 8 (57) | 10 (46) | 1.60 (0.41 to 6.18) | 1.95 (0.28 to 13.6) | 3 (75) | 25 (39) | 4.80 (0.47 to 48.7) | 1.17 (0.05 to 27.9) |
| Symptomatic ICH ECASS II criteria† | 2 (7) | 3 (14) | -- | -- | 1 (7) | 4 (18) | 0.35 (0.03 to 3.49) | 0.46 (0.03 to 7.02) | 1 (25) | 6 (9) | 3.28 (0.29 to 48.7) | -- |
| Symptomatic ICH SITS-MOST criteria†* | 0 | 1 (5) | -- | -- | 0 | 2 (9) | -- | -- | 1 (25) | 3 (5) | 6.89 (0.54 to 87.6) | 0.96 (0.01 to 142) |
| Decompressive craniectomy | 1 (3) | 2 (10) | 0.30 (0.03 to 3.55) | -- | 0 | 1 (5) | -- | -- | 1 (25) | 3 (5) | 6.89 (0.54 to 87.6) | -- |
Data are presented as number (%).
*Adjusted for female sex, age, prestroke mRS score, baseline NIHSS score, baseline ischemic core volume, onset-to-imaging time, internal carotid artery occlusion, and intravenous thrombolysis.
†Any ICH with a ≥4-point increase in NIHSS score from baseline.
‡PH2 combined with a ≥4-point increase in NIHSS score from baseline. PH2, blood clots in >30% of the infarcted area with substantial space-occupying effect.
aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; ECASS, European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study; ICH, intracranial hemorrhage; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; MT, mechanical thrombectomy; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; OR, odds ratio; PH, parenchymal hematoma; SITS-MOST, Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke-Monitoring Study; SMT, standard medical treatment.