Patient characteristics
| Total n=186 n (%) | All patients | Propensity-matched WHO grade I patients | |||||
| Preoperative tumor embolization | Univariate | Preoperative tumor embolization | Univariate | ||||
| Yes n=71 n (%) | No n=115 n (%) | P value | Yes n=42 n (%) | No n=42 n (%) | P value | ||
| Age, mean±SD (years) | 62.2±12.5 | 61.5±12.3 | 62.6±12.5 | 0.616 | 60.1±12.6 | 59.3±14.0 | 0.540 |
| Sex, female | 126 (67.7) | 43 (60.6) | 83 (72.2) | 0.100 | 14 (33.3) | 11 (26.2) | 0.474 |
| WHO grade | 0.859 | >0.999 | |||||
| I | 174 (93.6) | 67 (94.3) | 107 (93.0) | 42 (100.0) | 42 (100.0) | ||
| II | 8 (4.3) | 3 (4.2) | 5 (4.4) | 0 | 0 | ||
| III | 4 (2.2) | 1 (1.4) | 3 (2.6) | 0 | 0 | ||
| Asymptomatic | 107 (57.5) | 35 (49.3) | 72 (62.6) | 0.074 | 20 (47.6) | 21 (50) | 0.827 |
| Tumor location | |||||||
| Convexity | 29 (15.6) | 10 (13.9) | 19 (16.7) | 0.611 | 6 (14.2) | 5 (11.9) | 0.742 |
| Skull base | 91 (48.9) | 37 (52.1) | 54 (47.0) | 0.494 | 20 (47.6) | 23 (54.8) | 0.513 |
| Infratentorial | 32 (17.2) | 10 (14.1) | 22 (19.1) | 0.376 | 6 (14.3) | 8 (19.1) | 0.558 |
| Other location | 63 (33.9) | 25 (34.7) | 38 (33.3) | 0.845 | 16 (38.1) | 14 (33.3) | 0.649 |
| Maximum diameter of tumor, mean±SD (mm) | 32.6±12.3 | 32.1±12.5 | 32.7±12.3 | 0.738 | 38.9±10.1 | 39.4±12.6 | 0.890 |
| MRI T2 high intensity | 48 (38.4) | 11 (64.7) | 37 (34.3) | 0.016 | 22 (52.4) | 20 (47.6) | 0.663 |
| Calcification | 30 (24.0) | 3 (17.7) | 27 (25.0) | 0.509 | 5 (11.9) | 8 (19.1) | 0.366 |
| Peritumoral edema | 32 (25.6) | 5 (29.4) | 27 (25) | 0.698 | 19 (45.2) | 18 (42.9) | 0.826 |
| Cyst formation | 5 (4.0) | 3 (17.7) | 2 (1.8) | 0.002 | 1 (2.4) | 1 (2.4) | >0.999 |
| MIB-1 index, mean±SD (%) | 2.4±4.3 | 5.1±1.0* | 2.0±0.4* | 0.494* | 2.2±2.4 | 2.2±2.6 | 0.544 |
*In WHO grade Ⅰ cases, embolization vs no embolization 2.3±1.6% vs 2.6±3.2% (p=0.439).
MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; WHO, World Health Organization.